Brian J. Elliott
- Fletcher-Munson revisited
- Acousto-mechanical diodes
- Power advantage in active speaker systems
- Dipoles for the two bottom octaves
- Audibility of harmonic distortion at very low frequencies

Floyd E. Toole
- Subjective evaluation of loudspeaker systems
- Speaker/room interaction

Siegfried Linkwitz
- A loudspeaker with broadband directivity for reduced room interaction

3-way dipole with sealed box single sub

Magnet mounted woofers and rear tweeter

Rejection of side-wall and rear-wall reflections at the listening position by speaker toe-in

Estimated volume displacement requirements for dipole woofers at low frequencies

At the time of the talk I was still using a single, closed box, equalized woofer with two 12" drivers, figuring that it would take a total of ten 12" drivers in open baffle configuration to replace this woofer. I could not make room for that, though I had been extremely impressed by Brian Elliotts' six drivers per side dipole woofer columns, which rendered the most real bass reproduction I had ever heard. Later I learned from Donald Barringer, recording engineer for the U.S. Marine Band, that even two drivers per side could provide quite natural bass. Thus, I followed their lead and changed to dipole bass for more realistic reproduction of acoustic instruments.

What you hear is not the air pressure variation in itself
but what has drawn your attention
in the two streams of superimposed air pressure variations at your eardrums